PDF files have become ubiquitous in our multi-platform world. This convenient file format makes it possible to view and share documents across various devices using various operating systems and ...

In 1950, when computing was little more than automated arithmetic and simple logic, Alan Turing asked a question that still reverberates today: can machines think? It took remarkable imagination to ...

Spatial control of the phase and amplitude of a laser beam is useful for applications ranging from imaging and holography to interferometry and optical tweezers, reports Neil Savage. Digital spatial ...