Major processes in semiconductor wafer fabrication: 1) wafer preparation, 2) pattern transfer, 3) doping, 4) deposition, 5) etching, and 6) packaging. The process of creating semiconductors can be ...

An intelligent manufacturing framework integrates robotics, IoT monitoring, and data analytics to optimize automotive production. The research ...

Historically, pharmaceutical products have been produced in a traditional ‘batch’ system, in which every operation is executed separately using a defined quantity of materials. In batch manufacturing ...

Engineers are scrutinizing every stage of the manufacturing process, from design to final product, in search of innovative solutions to meet demanding consumer expectations. Plasma technology has ...