The following sections cover the basic concepts and technologies that underpin the construction and operation of an atomic force microscope. An atomic force microscope is optimized for measuring ...
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UK researchers unveil ultra-precise atomic clock that is small enough to carry by hand
Researchers at the UK’s National Physical Laboratory (NPL) have created a tiny atomic fountain ...
Smaller version Illustration of a conventional atomic fountain clock (left) next to NPL’s miniature atomic fountain clock.
Atomic clocks based on stimulated resonance of cesium 133 or rubidium atoms are the most accurate clocks in relatively widespread use (there’s one in each GPS satellite), but they’re costly and ...
Designed for use in space applications, the RAFS series rubidium atomic clock oscillator is approved by the European Space Agency for use in the Galileo Global Navigation System. Using a double-oven ...
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